Non-elevated, hyperpigmented spots that may form because of frequent sun exposure, heredity or hormonal changes:

Non-elevated, hyperpigmented spots that may form because of frequent sun exposure, heredity or hormonal changes:

• A. Rosacea
• B. Leukoderma
• C. Vitiligo
• D. Chloasma

Answer: (D)

Pigment changes tied to sun exposure and hormonal factors produce flat, dark patches on the skin called chloasma (melasma). These non-elevated hyperpigmented spots commonly appear on the face — such as the cheeks, forehead, and upper lip — and are often triggered or worsened by sun exposure and hormonal changes like pregnancy or hormonal contraception. This is distinct from rosacea, which causes redness and visible blood vessels rather than dark patches, and from leukoderma or vitiligo, which involve loss of pigment and light patches rather than dark ones.

Pigment changes tied to sun exposure and hormonal factors produce flat, dark patches on the skin called chloasma (melasma). These non-elevated hyperpigmented spots commonly appear on the face — such as the cheeks, forehead, and upper lip — and are often triggered or worsened by sun exposure and hormonal changes like pregnancy or hormonal contraception. This is distinct from rosacea, which causes redness and visible blood vessels rather than dark patches, and from leukoderma or vitiligo, which involve loss of pigment and light patches rather than dark ones.